Audience+extended

AUDIENCE STUDIES recommended reading 
 * A Thousand Years of Nonlinear history **

Following in the wake of his groundbreaking work //War in the Age of Intelligent Machines,// Manuel De Landa presents a brilliant, radical synthesis of historical development of the last thousand years. //A Thousand Years of Nonlinear History// sketches the outlines of a renewed materialist philosophy of history in the tradition of Fernand Braudel, Gilles Deleuze, and Félix Guattari, while engaging — in an entirely unprecedented manner — the critical new understanding of material processes derived from the sciences of dynamics. Working against prevailing attitudes that see history merely as the arena of texts, discourses, ideologies, and metaphors, De Landa traces the concrete movements and interplays of matter and energy through human populations in the last millennium. The result is an entirely novel approach to the study of human societies and their always mobile, semi-stable forms, cities, economies, technologies, and languages.


 * __Recommended Books__ **

A child is always part of a social world, yet the child's experience is private. So, Nelson argues, we must study children in the context of the relationships, interactive language, and culture of their everyday lives.
 * 1 YOUNG MINDS IN SOCIAL WORLDS **

Nelson draws philosophically from pragmatism and phenomenology, and empirically from a range of developmental research. Skeptical of work that focuses on presumed innate abilities and the close fit of child and adult forms of cognition, her dynamic framework takes into account whole systems developing over time, presenting a coherent account of social, cognitive, and linguistic development in the first five years of life. Nelson argues that a child's entrance into the community of minds is a slow, gradual process with enormous consequences for child development, and the adults that they become. Original, deeply scholarly, and trenchant,//Young Minds in Social Worlds// will inspire a new generation of developmental psychologists.
 * // Recipient of The Eleanor Maccoby Book Award in Developmental Psychology. 2008. //**

2. Origins of Human Communication [|Michael Tomasello]

Human communication is grounded in fundamentally cooperative, even shared, intentions. In this original and provocative account of the evolutionary origins of human communication, Michael Tomasello connects the fundamentally cooperative structure of human communication (initially discovered by Paul Grice) to the especially cooperative structure of human (as opposed to other primate) social interaction.

Tomasello argues that human cooperative communication rests on a psychological infrastructure of shared intentionality (joint attention, common ground), evolved originally for collaboration and culture more generally. The basic motives of the infrastructure are helping and sharing: humans communicate to request help, inform others of things helpfully, and share attitudes as a way of bonding within the cultural group. These cooperative motives each created different functional pressures for conventionalizing grammatical constructions. Requesting help in the immediate you-and-me and here-and-now, for example, required very little grammar, but informing and sharing required increasingly complex grammatical devices.

Drawing on empirical research into gestural and vocal communication by great apes and human infants (much of it conducted by his own research team), Tomasello argues further that humans' cooperative communication emerged first in the natural gestures of pointing and pantomiming. Conventional communication, first gestural and then vocal, evolved only after humans already possessed these natural gestures and their shared intentionality infrastructure along with skills of cultural learning for creating and passing along jointly understood communicative conventions. Challenging the Chomskian view that linguistic knowledge is innate, Tomasello proposes instead that the most fundamental aspects of uniquely human communication are biological adaptations for cooperative social interaction in general and that the purely linguistic dimensions of human communication are cultural conventions and constructions created by and passed along within particular cultural groups.

// Jean Nicod Lectures // // A Bradford Book // from the workshop. TRCC 2nd October 2009. Book library selection. //3. LIFESTYLE Bruce Mau PHAIDON books. //  This mammoth catalogue raisonné of Mau's graphic work (which only Phaidon Press has the resources, and the patience, to produce) is the much-anticipated follow-up to the 1995 sensation //S, M, L, XL// that Mau coauthored with renowned Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas. Nearly as big, but much more colorful, //Life Style// offers a compendium of thoughts on the conflicts and conundrums that so perplex concerned aesthetes in Western civilization, including suburban sprawl, ecological threats, the implications of identity creation, and the role of the graphic arts in architecture and design. Trying to pin down this huge undertaking to only a few highlights would be a disservice to a man who counts such luminaries as Koolhaas, Frank Gehry, John Cage, Michael Snow, Meg Stuart, and Chris Marker as friends and colleagues. The center section alone, which recounts and reprints the celebrated spreads from his publishing venture Zone Books, would be worth the price: "The times were extraordinary--the middle 1980s, the height of American yuppie culture gorging itself on wealth. The Macintosh computer had only just been introduced and was making itself felt in the world of typography by virtue of its capacity to distort fonts. It would eventually transform the field of design, disseminating expertise and clustering capacities vertically. Faxes and FedEx were making possible a new level of international collaboration that would soon put a Toronto designer at the center of a transatlantic project. That project was Zone." Bruce Mau. Presents STRESS. Workshop. TRCC. Audience. status in the USA. 
 * NOTE 1.** This book( the pink book ) was referred to in the workshop. The banners STRESS STRAIN RUPTURE and LOGO were on the pin board. They are from a multimedia installation by Weiner Festwochen and John Oswald, Vienna.2000 The exhibition presented CODA's for modern day lifel
 * Note 2.** The handout, //**The Last Yankee**// is a monologue from the playwright, Arthur Miller. It challenges
 * __A topic.__**

  =** Blogs. What are blogs to us for study and for our report writing about Audience?On blogs we cab spot threads of discourse. One sample. A blog on a game site. **=

( 1) http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/4140/persuasive_games_little_black_.php = = =**** concerning ****= __Scribblenauts. A new DS game.__ It is important to decide how to position Audience as a study of sociology. Here, for example, is a current debate on racist language in a new DS games called Scribblenauts. A 30 year old does not know" racist implications" in the word Sambo.

His response to Ian Bogost goes like this on the blog. (1)

I am well-educated, not even close to being racist, and I have several friends that are the same. We are all around the 30 year old range and none of us were aware of the existence of this word or its implications. If it's a dead term, let it die. Just like this issue should.

a second respondent points out that a sambo is a fruit 
 * If writing "sambo" produces a graphical representation of the fruit known as a sambo, instead of a racial caricature, then it's not some deep, multi-layered appeal for discourse on racial disharmony. Suggesting it is says a lot more about you than "sambo" says about Scribblenauts. ||